Улогата на медицинската сестра во Mакедонската банка за хумана ДНК
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ОСНОВА: Банка за хумана ДНК (хДНАМКД) претставува складирање на примерок на ДНК од поединецот, како и нејзино безбедно и долгорочно чување со цел да се обезбеди примерок на генетски материјал за медицински и научни истражувања. Македонската банка за хумана ДНК датира од 2000 година и во неа се дефинирани неколку проектни полиња. Медицинската сестра како дел од стручниот тим извршува многу активности со кои учествува во истражувачката дејност на хДНАМКД.
ЦЕЛ: Целта е да се презентира улогата на мединцинската сестра во хДНАМКД во сите сегменти во кои таа зема учество почнувајќи од земањето на писмена согласност, земање на примероци, ДНК екстракција и складирање на истата.
МАТЕРИЈАЛ И МЕТОДИ: Примероците на ДНК се земени од доброволни дарители по претходно потпишана согласност, доброволно и без притисок. Поединците се информирани во однос на видот на истражувањата што ќе се вршат, аранжманите за пристап и споделување на складираните примероци и времетраењето на чување на примероците. ДНК е изолирана од периферна крв со фенол-хлороформ метод за екстракција. Квалитетот и квантитетот на изолираната геномска ДНК е определен со 260/280 УВ спектрофотометар со GENEQUANT pro RNA/DNA калкулатор. Интактноста на изолираната ДНК е одредена со електорфореза на ДНК на агарозен гел по што истата се аликвотира во нормализирана концентрација и се складира во замрзнувач Heraus Sepatech на -80оЦ.
РЕЗУЛТАТИ: Во хДНАМКД се дефинирани три проектни области: антропологија, несродни пациенти и сродни пациенти. Лабораторискиот код за ДНК примероците што се чуваат во Македонската банка за хумана ДНК е MKDSPI. Вкупниот број на примероци кои се складирани во Македонската банка за хумана ДНК до крајот на 2010 година е 5252 примероци – 1575 во антропологијата, 2186 несродни пациенти и 1491 сродни пациенти.
ЗАКЛУЧОК: Медицинската сестра има целокупно учество во собирање на сите важни информации за генетските истражувања како земање на семејна историја, медицински информации и доброволна согласност од страна на дарителите. При тоа мора да ги применува етичките приципи за одржување на приватноста и доверливоста на генетски информации. Преку правилно земање и соодветно одбележување на примероците крв таа обезбедува точност на резултатите добиени од генетските истражувања. Претставува неопходен дел од тимот на хДНАМКД заради што треба да има големо искуство и знаење од областа на генетиката и медицинската етика.
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